For every network infrastructure, there lies a cabling system that stands as the backbone of connectivity. Selecting the right type of cable is important in ensuring reliable and efficient data transmission.
Network Cabling forms the basic foundation of a communication system, as its end goal is to connect network devices, facilitating seamless data transfer among the devices within an organisation.
Whether for small businesses or large enterprises, choosing the appropriate type of network cabling is essential for achieving optimal network performance and reliability.
As there are several aspects of network cabling, so are there different types of network cables. It is essential to understand the types of network cable for various networking priorities.
The 4 Types of Network Cabling You Should Know
- Coaxial Cables
- Fibre Optic Cables
- Shielded Twisted Pair Cables
- Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cables
1. Coaxial Cables
This is a type of networking cable with usually up to four or five crafted layers. It consists of an inner conductor which is then surrounded by a dielectric insulator, foil shield, braided metal shield and an outer layer plastic protective jacket. You may wonder about the advantages of these protective layers. The metal shield protects against outside interference while the outer protective sheath or jacket prevents physical damage.
Despite being a bit complex to install, coaxial cabling has a strong resistance to signal blockage. Compared to twisted pair cables, the coaxial cable can manage longer cable lengths between network devices and even maintain consistent signal delivery.
The coaxial cable features two types of designs — the single-core and the multi-core design. Each design is capable of transmitting electromagnetic signals through its centre core.
Coaxial cables were used in the earlier days of computer networks as they were used to transmit radio frequency signals. Some of its applications include feedlines connecting radio transmitters and receivers with an antenna, connection and distributing the internet of cable television signals, and so on.
2. Fibre Optic Cables
Fibre optic cables are networking cables that are perfect for transmitting data across long distances and are widely used as a result of the increase in demand for higher broadband. And also because of their resistance to moisture and lighting, fibre-optic cables have become the standard for connecting networks across buildings.
Fibre optic cables can be classified into two different types: Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) Cables which support long residences, and Multi-Mode Fibre (MMF) Cables designed to carry more data.
Each of these types of fibre optic cable is built with either a glass or plastic core surrounded by multiple layers (cladding, buffer, and jacket) to protect it from potential damage and external interference. Fibre optic cables transmit data through light waves instead of using electronic signals. This method of data transmission helps avoid electrical obstruction, making it the perfect network cabling solution for infrastructures with large amounts of electrical interference.
3. Shielded Twisted Pair Cables
In local area networks, twisted pair cable is by far the most commonly used type of cable in typical office environments, retail and commercial sites, and copper communication cabling.
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) cable is a single-pair wire consisting of four pairs: two pairs for transmitting signals and two for receiving them. This type of cable is commonly used in telephone systems and computer networks because it can withstand interference from power lines, radio waves, and other sources. The interference could otherwise disrupt regular operation by introducing noise into signals being transmitted over long distances via copper wire connections between servers or desktop computers located within buildings. STP cables are also a perfect choice for expanding network distance.
4. Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cables
Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) is most commonly used in telephone lines because it is cheaper and easier to install than other cabling systems. Unshielded twisted pair is also used in computer networks because it is flexible enough to run through walls and ceilings without needing additional tools or special equipment.
Since the UTP cable does not come shielded to prevent electromagnetic waves, it relies on media filters and baluns, and is perfect for low-speed signal transmission with no need for grounding.
Conclusion
Selecting the right type of network cabling is crucial for building a reliable and efficient network infrastructure. Whether you are setting up a small office network or a large-scale data centre, understanding the characteristics and capabilities of the four types of Network Cabling is essential.
You can reach out to us at hello@paykobo.com for more technical advice on the different types of networking cables.
